What welding process utilizes an electric arc between a continuous filler metal electrode and the weld pool?

The welding process that utilizes an electric arc between a continuous filler metal electrode and the weld pool is Flux-Cored Arc Welding, often abbreviated as FCAW. In this method, a continuously fed tubular electrode, which is filled with flux, creates an electric arc when it comes into contact with the workpiece. This arc generates enough heat to melt both the electrode and the base metal, forming the weld pool.

The continuous nature of the filler metal electrode allows for a more efficient and consistent welding process, making FCAW suitable for various applications, especially in fields that demand high productivity and can accommodate outdoor conditions due to the protective slag produced during the welding process.

In contrast, other welding processes such as Stick Welding (SMAW) use a consumable electrode that is not continuously fed but manually applied, while TIG Welding (GTAW) relies on a non-consumable tungsten electrode and requires a separate filler rod that is manually added. Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) similarly differs as it usually employs a continuous wire feed but is submerged in a granular flux which is distinct from the flux-cored approach of FCAW.