What type of current is typically used in the SMAW process?

In the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process, both direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) are indeed utilized depending on the specific welding requirements and electrode types.

Direct current offers a stable arc and better control, making it ideal for certain applications, especially when welding thicker materials or when a strong penetration is necessary. This type of current also tends to produce a cleaner weld by reducing spatter.

On the other hand, alternating current is commonly employed when working with specific types of electrodes or when welding materials like aluminum, where the alternating polarity helps to clean the surface by breaking through the oxide layer.

The flexibility of using either direct or alternating current allows welders to choose the appropriate settings based on the materials being welded and the desired characteristics of the weld, thus making the option of utilizing both types of current an accurate response to the question.